Biomedical Engineering 1 - Introduction
to Biomedical Engineering
Fall Quarter 2007
Julia Gelfand
Applied Sciences Librarian
Science Library 228
jgelfand@uci.edu
949-824-4971
Kristine Ferry
Business Librarian
Please email for assistance at kferry@uci.edu.
Goals for Instruction Session: Review assignments & course objectives:
a. Review background information for the
guest speakers - by author/speaker & topic in appropriate databases - may
be helpful to consult the UCI Course Catalog or Website for
background information, too
HINTS:
I. Background -
The Profession of Biomedical Engineer
“Apply knowledge of
engineering, biology, and biomechanical principles to the design, development,
and evaluation of biological and health systems and products, such as
artificial organs, prostheses, instrumentation, medical information systems,
and health management and care deliver systems” (U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics. 2003 National
Occupational Employment and Wage Estimates (see http://www.bls.gov/oes/current/oes172031.htm
In 2004, engineers held 1.4
million jobs – 9,700 of them were biomedical engineers. (Occupational Outlook Handbook, 2004-2005 Edition.) "Employment
of biomedical engineers is expected to grow "faster than the average"
for all occupations through 2014." (http://stats.bls.gov/oco/ocos027.htm#outlook
and http://stats.bls.gov/oco/ocos027.htm#emply)
Additional Resources:
Occupational Information
Network. O’NET OnLine.
Gives wages and trends for variety of occupations,
including forecasts for 2010 and average annual job openings. (O’Net SOC for biomedical
engineer is 17-2031.00)
Occupational Outlook Handbook,
2004-2005 Edition
Charting the Milestones of Biomedical Engineering. IEEE-EMB, 2002. Science Library Reference QT 36N 359 2002
The Biomedical Engineering Society is a good
resource for programmatic and academic developments in the field and holds an
annual conference.
As defined by the Whitaker Foundation, Biomedical engineering is a “discipline that advances knowledge in engineering,
biology and medicine, and improves human health through cross-disciplinary
activities that integrate the engineering sciences with the biomedical sciences
and clinical practice. It includes:
1. The acquisition of new
knowledge and understanding of living systems through the innovative and
substantive application of experimental and analytical techniques based on the
engineering sciences.
2. The
development of new devices, algorithms, processes and systems that advance
biology and medicine and improve medical practice and health care delivery.” (http://www.whitaker.org/glance/definition.html)
Areas
of specialization currently supported at UC Irvine:
· cellular, tissue and genetic engineering; functional
tissue engineering
· biomaterials - artificial organs, transplantation,
skin grafts
· physiologic modeling, simulation, and control
(orthopedic bioengineering and rehabilitative devices)
· biomedical instrumentation and biosensors, MEMS
· medical imaging
· drug delivery systems
· medical informatics & artificial intelligence
II. The Assignment – Design Project
You have two options:
For each of these directives
you will need to do significant background research to cover:
· phases of design - need, definition of the problem,
hypothesis, synthesis, analysis, optimization, evaluation, presentation of
product
· consideration of geometry and material properties (ex,
synthetics, etc)
· consideration of tools (software, instrumentation,
devices, support, chips, programming, etc)
· design parameters and error analysis under various
initial and boundary conditions
You will also want to cover
and discuss how the product evolves including some Reverse Engineering -
correcting for earlier defects, experiences, flaws, making improvements by
studying the product:
-
technically
-
functionally
-
scientifically
-
design (product size, shape, material,
etc.)
-
social impact of product
-
economic contribution
-
ethical service (ethics)
-
compliance to governmental regulatory
requirements & patent issuance
You will have to conduct a Literature Search and Review -
this report should be organized to cover these points:
· Goal of the Literature Search - hypothesis, statement
of purpose, motivation, initial interest
· Introduction - method of conducting search - what
databases, search engines were used; output that was retrieved
· Categories of literature uncovered or retrieved -
books, book chapters, reference works, journal articles, conference
proceedings, patents, marketing & sales data and plans, financials,
academic research, commercial and government websites, etc
· Summary - experience of the search
·
List of major references or output
in bibliographic form - remember to use consistent citation formatting and to
practice cross-referencing when you can from other elements in the body of the
report. For additional information about
citation format, you may want to use APA Style and consult the Publication Manual of the American
Psychological Association, 5th ed. available at all Library
Reference Desks at BF 76.7 P83 2001.
There is also a Pocket Guide to APA at Langson
Library Reference Desk at BF 76.7 P426 2004 and online help on the Online Reference
Resources website
· Remember that this assignment is an interdisciplinary exercise and will require conducting a literature search in different disciplines including engineering, medicine, life sciences, business and patents.
Below you will find suggestions, selected resources,
as well as some hints and directions for your research.
III. Biomedical Engineering Research
As a biomedical engineering
student you will be introduced to and use materials in a variety of subjects to
allow for a greater expertise and functionality, including:
The books at UC Irvine
Libraries are arranged by call number. Appropriate ranges include QT 36-37 and
WB 140. This material will be at the Science Library.
The following online catalogs
can be used to locate materials:
Both catalogs can be searched
under the subject heading biomedical
engineering or by keyword.
Selected
Subject Bibliography and Reference Tools. There is a growing list of eBooks
published by CRC Press in Biomedical engineering available through ENGnetBASE and
they can be accessed directly at categories, “Biomedical
Engineering," “Lasers & Optics” and “Nanoscience/Nanotechnology."
(all titles are available in ANTPAC) with links when
available electronically (SL=Science Library):
series of eBooks
from EngNetBase.com
under Biomedical Engineering - all published by CRC
Access
Science - online equivalent of McGraw-Hill
Encyclopedia of Science & Technology
Encyclopedia of
biomaterials and biomedical engineering / Gary E. Wnek and Gary L. Bowlin, eds.
Dekker
encyclopedia of nanoscience and nanotechnology/ James A. Schwarz, ed..
Encyclopedia
of nanoscience and nanotechnology / Hari Singh Nalwa, ed.. Stevenson Ranch, CA: American Scientific
Publishers, 2004. SL REF T174.7 E53, 10
vols.
Biomaterials and
bioengineering handbook / Donald L. Wise,
Biomaterials engineering
and devices / edited by Donald L. Wise ... [et al.]
Biomedical engineering
handbook, 2d ed.., Editor-in-chief, Joseph D. Bronzino,
Biomedical technology and
devices handbook / edited by James Moore, George Zouridakis,
Clinical
engineering handbook / Joseph F. Dyro, ed.
Design of biomedical
devices and systems / Paul H. King, Richard C. Fries,
Enabling technologies: body image and body function / Malcolm MacLachlan and
Pamela Gallagher.
Functional tissue
engineering / Farshid Guilak
... [et al.], editors,
Medical
device register,
Science
Library-Bar (latest in Reference), W26 M489
New
biology for engineers and computer scientists / Aydin Tozeren and Stephen W.
Byers.
Noninvasive
instrumentation and measurement in medical diagnosis / Robert B. Northrop,
Standard handbook of
biomedical engineering and design / Myer Kutz, ed.
Thomas
register of American manufacturers,
Annals of Biomedical Engineering - online from 1998 - earlier volume years are at
SL
Drum W1 AN597
Annual Review of Biomedical Engineering (2000 - present)
IV. Abstract and Indexing services
The vast majority of the
research done in biomedical engineering is published in biomedical and clinical
medicine literature. To find this literature you
will use the following article databases
(they cover journal literature and conference proceedings and index and
abstract journal articles and conference proceedings). These resources are accessible from the UC Irvine
Libraries Web page under Online Resources and will offer e-Links to online
access or holdings information of the indexed content.
PubMed MEDLINE - indexes literature of clinical medicine and related fields.
MedlinePlus
- a basic medical encyclopedia particularly good for background and tracing the
beginnings of many of these devices within the clinical
context.
INSPEC - (1969+) includes significant coverage of the literature physics, mathematics, computer science and of related conference proceedings; Full Retrospective Index and Archive from 1898-1968
Web of Science (1945+) - Interdisciplinary coverage of major journal literature
COMPENDEX (1969+) - Major index of the
Engineering literature.
Ergonomics Abstracts
(1969+) - very interdisciplinary coverage of workplace environment apparatuses
and devices to improve living conditions under different physical constraints
Business Source Premier - Major access to the business/management/economics
literature, both scholarly and trade sources.
In addition to the listed
above databases the following packages of online journals are available from
professional societies and commercial publishers:
IEEE Xplore - access to fulltext
content in IEEE publications, including journals, conferences proceedings and
standards.
ASME - access to the fulltext
journals and conference proceedings and books issues by the American Society of
Mechanical Engineers.
ACM Digital Library - fulltext
content from the Association of Computer Machinery publications
SPIE Digital Library - fulltext
publications from the International Society for Optical Engineering. Proceedings of the Print access at Science Library – Bar; Call
number: TS510 .P632. SPIE
Digital Library also includes online access from 1998 to the journals, Optical
Engineering, Journal of Electronic Imaging, Journal of Biomedical Optics,
Journal of Microlithography, Microfabrication and
Microsystems.
More resources and comprehensive research guide for the field of
biomedical engineering is available form the UCI
Libraries Subject Guide for Biomedical Engineering
V. Patent Information - additional information is available on the Patents
Guide
U.
S. Patent and Trademark Office - Official source for
Google Patents - latest of the patent indexes to appear -
there is lots of help; not as formalized a search process - contains 7 million
patents
Free Patents Online - another
source for access to fulltext patents from Patent
#4,000.000 forward.
LexisNexis
Academic Universe - Under
"Legal Research" is a Patent Research section for searching of
Patents (1971 to date), by individual category of Design Patents, Plant Patents
or Utility Patents. Can also search by keyword, assignee,
inventor, patent number, classification, and lawyer.
VI. Industry Outlook and Trends
Also see the Business
Subject Page for additional resources & direction.
In many cases, to find
information for the growing biomedical engineering industry, it is best to
identify the appropriate North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) or
Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) codes. Search under more specific
terms (do not use biomedical engineering). For example:
-
medical equipment and supplies,
manufacturing
-
surgical, medical and dental instruments
and supplies
-
pharmaceuticals, manufacturing
-
ophthalmic goods
-
laboratory apparatus and analytical
optical, measuring and controlling instruments
Selected business resources for consideration
(available at UC Irvine Libraries):
North
American industry classification system : United
States, 2002 / Executive Office of the
President, Office of Management and Budget. NAICS was developed jointly by the
Online access: http://purl.access.gpo.gov/GPO/LPS26109
Print access : Langson Library Reference or SL Ref HF1041.5 N674 2002
The SIC is a standard
identification system that designates a 4-digit code for
Print access: Langson Library – Gov. Info- U.S. PrEx 2.6/2:In 27/987
U.S. Industry & Trade Outlook - only
available online since 2000.
Print access: Langson Library-Reference, HC 101 U54 2000. Latest at the Reference Desk.
Standard
& Poor’s NetAdvantage
Company and
industry information. Look under "Biotechnology",
"Healthcare: Pharmaceuticals", and "Healthcare: Products &
Supplies". Industry surveys include; Current Environment; Industry
Profile; Industry Trends; How the Industry Operates; Key Industry Ratios and Statistics;
How to Analyze a Company, and Industry References
Also, check Sub-Industry
Review for health care equipment.
Contains
research reports on hundreds of
Investment
research, industry analysis and reports. Look under “Biotechnology”, “Health Care”, and “Pharmaceuticals”
Forrester
- Forrester focuses on the business
implications of technology change and is considered the leading source for
forecasting. Forrester's research publications analyze a broad range of
technology areas such as new media, computing, software, networking,
telecommunications and the Internet, and project how technology trends will
affect businesses, consumers, and society. Forrester reports include up-to-date
industry statistics, as well as illustrative graphs and charts. Requires login using UCINetID and password.
Gartner
- Web site provides access to the
research and advisory firm's information technology news, research reports, and
business and market analysis, and includes product descriptions and
comparisons, information on trends, and a calendar of upcoming conferences and
events for IT managers, specialists, and business interests. Requires login using UCINetID and password.
Market share information
Market Share Reporter: An Annual
Compilation of reported market share data on companies, products and services,
Print access:
Langson Library Reference, HF 5410 M35 2003
RDS TablebaseSearch for market size or rankings of products,
services, and companies, extracted from trade publications. Also includes
information on brand identity, capital expenditures, imports and exports,
merchandising, mergers and acquisitions, outsourcing, and R&D. Please
logout when finished.
Selected sources for business and trade literature
(both fulltext):
Lexis-Nexis
Academic Universe (includes newspapers)under NEWS
VII. Statistical Information
STAT-USA - Economic and foreign trade statistics
Lexis-Nexis
Statistical Universe
VIII. Additional Information
If you need
additional information or help in using any of these products, please schedule
an appointment with the Liaison Librarian
with contact information at the top of this handout. Project Groups may find it useful to schedule
an appointment to review its direction. The Ask a Librarian service for online reference is
available for eMail reference, CHAT, appointments for
reference consultation, immediate assistance by telephone or walk-in at the
Science & Langson Libraries. The Reference Desks are open at the Science
Library during the week until